More than 1.8 million Muslims performed the annual Hajj pilgrimage this year, with some experiencing heat-related illnesses due to soaring temperatures. Authorities in Saudi Arabia responded quickly and provided support to manage the effects of heat stress, including offering treatment for heat-related illnesses. However, a high death toll has raised questions about whether sufficient precautions were taken.
The Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia stated that efforts were made to raise awareness about the dangers of heat stress before the Hajj, but unauthorized pilgrims who lacked proper accommodations were disproportionately affected by the extreme heat. Many unauthorized pilgrims could not afford official Hajj permits, which include accommodations and transportation, leading them to sleep on the streets without protection from the heat.
Experts noted that the Hajj presents unique challenges in managing large crowds of pilgrims, particularly with elderly individuals walking in extreme temperatures. Extreme heat can be deadly, especially for vulnerable populations such as the elderly, young children, and pregnant women. As heat waves become more frequent and intense, authorities will need to reassess safety measures during mass gatherings like the Hajj.
Ultimately, as the number of Muslims participating in the Hajj continues to grow, there is a need for improved risk mitigation strategies and better communication about the dangers of extreme heat. The recent deaths during the Hajj highlight the importance of addressing climate change impacts on cultural practices and ensuring the safety of pilgrims in the future.
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